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Adrenal gland and paraganglia
Reviewer: Severino Rey Nodar, M.D., Ph.D., Nat Pernick, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 27 March 2013, last major update IN PROGRESS
Copyright: (c) 2002-2013, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Table of contents
Normal: primary references anatomy embryology histology grossing adrenal cortex-physiology
Congenital anomalies: accessory adrenal tissue adrenal cytomegaly adrenal hypoplasia adrenal union or adhesion Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome congenital adrenal hyperplasia hereditary ACTH unresponsiveness storage diseases
Adrenal insufficiency: primary-general secondary Addison’s disease amyloidosis autoimmune adrenalitis drugs infections isolated mineralocorticoid deficiency polyglandular autoimmune syndromes radiation Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
Adrenal hyperfunction/hyperplasia: general Cushing’s syndrome hyperaldosteronism acquired hyperplasia macronodular hyperplasia micronodular hyperplasia pigmented hyperplasia unilateral hyperplasia
Adrenocortical adenoma: children adenoma-general oncocytoma corticomedullary mixed tumor
Other benign cortical lesions: adenomatoid cysts focal adrenalitis hemangioma malakoplakia massive macronodular adrenocortical disease myelolipoma ovarian thecal metaplasia solitary fibrous tumor
Adrenocortical carcinoma: general staging features to report
Adrenal medulla: physiology hyperplasia tumors-general malignant melanotic tumors pheochromocytoma
Neuroblastic tumors: general ganglioneuroblastoma ganglioneuroma neuroblastoma staging prognostic factors grossing
Other adrenal malignancies: angiosarcoma Ewing/PNET leiomyosarcoma lymphoma metastases plasmacytoma
Paraganglia: general hyperplasia paraganglioma features to report
SuperPage: pending
Index (table of contents in alphabetical order)
A-E: accessory adrenal tissue acquired hyperplasia Addison’s disease adenoma-general adenomatoid tumor adrenal cortex-physiology adrenal cytomegaly adrenal hyperfunction-general adrenal hypoplasia adrenal medulla-hyperplasia adrenal medulla-physiology adrenal medulla-malignant melanotic tumors adrenal medulla tumors-general adrenal union or adhesion adrenocortical adenoma-children adrenocortical carcinoma-features to report adrenocortical carcinoma-general adrenocortical carcinoma-staging amyloidosis anatomy angiosarcoma autoimmune adrenalitis Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome congenital adrenal hyperplasia corticomedullary mixed tumo Cushing syndrome cysts drugs embryology Ewing/PNET
F-N: focal adrenalitis ganglioneuroblastoma ganglioneuroma grossing hemangioma histology hyperaldosteronism hereditary ACTH unresponsiveness infections isolated mineralocorticoid deficiency leiomyosarcoma lymphoma macronodular hyperplasia malakoplakia massive macronodular adrenocortical disease metastases micronodular hyperplasia myelolipoma neuroblastic tumors-general neuroblastoma neuroblastoma-grossing neuroblastoma-prognostic factors neuroblastoma-staging
O-Z: oncocytoma ovarian thecal metaplasia paraganglia-general paraglanglia hyperplasia paraganglioma paraganglioma-features to report pheochromocytoma pigmented hyperplasia plasmacytoma polyglandular autoimmune syndromes primary adrenal insufficiency-general primary references radiation secondary adrenal insufficiency solitary fibrous tumor storage diseases unilateral hyperplasia Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
Primary references
top
AJCC Cancer Staging Manual (7th ed)
American Journal of Clinical Pathology
American Journal of Surgical Pathology
Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Human Pathology
Modern Pathology
Lloyd: Endocrine Diseases (Atlas of Nontumor Pathology, Series I, 2002)
Websites: www.Webpathology.Com
End of Adrenal Gland and paraganglia chapter