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Author checklist - Stains and Molecular Markers / CD Markers
Revised: 6 December 2018
Copyright: (c) 2018, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.



As an online textbook, we aim to be even more comprehensive than traditional textbooks as we do not have the same space constraints.
Here are some items that are sometimes missed so please check off that you have done them (if not, indicate why not)

  • Include approximately 10 journal article references, most from the last 5 years. Please insert the PMID number for each reference after the text that it is supporting. Example: Staining in 30%. PMID 27053535.
  • Definition / general: basic information about the biomarker.
  • Essential Features: fill out with the most important take home points; this could duplicate information found elsewhere in the topic.
  • Pathophysiology: explain the usual function of the biomarker in the body and how that function may be altered in disease conditions.
  • Clinical features: other studies with the biomarker not described elsewhere.
  • Uses for Pathologists: explain how this biomarker is typically used by practicing pathologists (i.e. what diagnoses it confirms or rules out). For many markers, there is "no current use by Pathologists."
  • Prognostic factors: if staining is associated with prognosis of diseases.
  • Interpretation: what part of the cell stains (cytoplasm, nucleus, Golgi), and any typical staining patterns (diffuse, dot-like).
  • Micro images: attach several high quality representative images (JPG, GIF, TIFF format, 600KB, 1000 to 1600 pixels in height or width) demonstrating all important histologic features. Images should be original and color balanced. Please provide a brief caption for each image thumbnail and a more detailed figure legend with the site, diagnosis and key histologic findings.
  • Please specify which current images should be removed if now redundant.
  • Positive staining - normal: what tissues typically stain positive.
  • Positive staining - disease / tumors: what diseases typically stain positive.
  • Negative staining - normal: what tissues typically stain negative.
  • Negative staining - disease / tumors: what diseases typically stain negative.
  • Molecular / cytogenetics description / images: if biomarker is a molecular marker detected with FISH, PCR, other.
  • One board review question related to the Uses for Pathologists - answers should be found within the topic.
  • Board review answer
  • Avoid abbreviations other than those widely used - CT scan, HIV, PCR
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