Images hosted on other servers:
Life cycle of Acanthamoeba
Contributed by Gabrielle Yeaney, M.D.
Acanthamoeba keratitis on slit lamp examination
Contributed by Gabrielle Yeaney, M.D.
Stromal microabscess and necrosis
Multiple amoebic forms
2 Acanthamoeba in stroma
Ulceration and necrosis
Granuloma with eosinophils
Contrast to reactive stromal keratocyte
PAS with encysted amoebae
GMS with encysted amoebae
Clinical presentation of Acanthamoeba keratitis
AFIP images
Elevated white limbal tumor
AFIP images
Sharply
demarcated
intraepithelial
lesion
Intraepithelial corneal lesion with severe atypia and parakeratosis
Acantholytic lesion with subepithelial lymphocytes
Atrophic lesion with atypia
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Mild keratinization with scattered melanophages
Several horn cysts in epithelium
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AFIP images
Anaplastic tumor
with glandular
formation and
mitotic activity
AFIP images
Pigmented tumor
with tubular and
papillary patterns
Variable pigmented tumor adjacent to optic nerve head
Pleomorphic and papillary tumor area with variable pigment
Heavily pigmented area of tubular tumor
AFIP images
Serrated borders indicating infiltrative growth
AFIP images
Infiltration of orbit
Basaloid pattern
Cribriform pattern
Cylindromatous or sclerosing pattern
Perineural invasion
Metastasis to lung
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Classic pattern
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Ciliary body, iris and lens
Ciliary process zonule fibers
Contributed by Sena Zengin, M.D. and J. Stephen Nix, M.D.
Conjunctiva
Contributed by J. Stephen Nix, M.D.
Nonkeratinizing squamous conjunctiva
Cuboidal and columnar appearance
Tarsal plate, Meibomian glands
Caruncle, chronic conjunctivitis
Pseudoglands of Henle
Pathology lecture: conjunctiva
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Full thickness
Epithelium and Bowman layer
AFIP images
Normal upper eyelid
M: meibomian glands
O: orbicularis muscle
T: tarsal plate
Z: Zeis glands
Normal lower eyelid:
smaller tarsal plate
than upper eyelid
Normal Meibomian gland:
sebaceous lobules connect
to sebaceous duct, where
ductal epithelium forms
valve-like structures
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Eyelid cross section
AFIP images
Normal eye and orbital contents
MR #1 (T1 weighted)
MR #2 (T2 weighted)
MR #3 (T1 weighted)
shows coronal section
of orbital contents
posterior to globe
AFIP images
Glandular lobule next to ducts
Lobule of acinic and mucinous cells
Intraocular and orbital portions of optic nerve
Cross section of optic nerve parenchyma and meninges
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Lens
Optic nerve and fovea centralis
Contributed by J. Stephen Nix, M.D.
Retina anatomy
Contributed by J. Stephen Nix, M.D. and AFIP images
Macula
Choroid
Hard drusen
Retinal gliosis
Serosanguinous retinal detachment
Fovea centralis
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Laugier-Hunziker syndrome
Dermoscopic examination of mucosal lesions
Parallel furrow pattern of pigmented macules
AFIP images
Dendritic melanocytes
Images hosted on other servers:
Hyperpigmentation
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Movable, diffuse, blue-black lesion
Images hosted on other servers:
Combined nevus: pigmented dendritic and spindled blue nevus cells in area adjacent to nevocytic foci
Various images
Conjunctival blue nevus
Composed of plump, heavily pigmented melanocytes
Focus of malignant transformation
Contributed by Eugenia Abusleme, M.D.
Chalazion
Contributed by Pablo Zoroquiain, M.D.
Chronic conjunctival inflammation
Large lipogranuloma
Small lipogranuloma
Neutrophilic granuloma
AFIP images
Vascularized pigmented stroma
Uveal tissue extends into sclera
AFIP images
Increased density within eye
AFIP images
Telangiectatic vessels
AFIP images
Total retinal detachment
AFIP images
Telangiectasia of vessels
Contributed by Pia Mendoza, M.D. and Frederick A. Jakobiec, M.D., D.Sc.
Conjunctival lesion in the limbus extending to the cornea
Limbal leukoplakic appearing lesion with feeder vessels
Diffuse lesion
Pigmented carcinoma in situ
Papilliform lesion at the limbus
Contributed by Pia Mendoza, M.D.
Grade 3 / severe dysplasia
Grade 2 / moderate dysplasia
Carcinoma in situ
Actinic keratosis carcinoma in situ
Contributed by Frederick A. Jakobiec, M.D., D.Sc., Deepali Jain, M.D. and Hans Grossniklaus, M.D.
Grade 3 / severe dysplasia
Carcinoma in situ
Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia
Grade 2 / moderate dysplasia
Grade 3 / severe dysplasia with surface keratinization
AFIP images
Flat diffuse pigmentation
AFIP images
Without atypia:
Melanocytic hyperplasia is confined to basilar layer
With atypia:
Minimal atypia
Moderate atypia
Severe atypia
AFIP images
Well circumscribed lesion
Tall columnar acidophilic cells lining glandular spaces
Subepithelial glandular tumor
Glandular spaces are lined by oncocytes and goblet cells
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Adnexal lacrimal glands
Caruncle tumor
Cystic areas contain eosinophilic secretions
Light and dark cells with acinar formation on left side
Well circumscribed lesion
Large polyhedral cells: abundant
eosinophilic granular cytoplasm
and small nuclei with
single prominent nucleoli
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Lattice dystrophy
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Multiloculated conjunctival cyst
AFIP images
Nasally located cystic lesion
AFIP images
Inflamed cyst lined by conjunctival type epithelium
Inflamed cyst lined by skin
Contributed by Anita Kumari, M.D.
Retinal detachment
Contributed by Anita Kumari, M.D.
Microscopic images of a case of retinal detachment
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Upper lid retraction and exophthalmos
Severe restriction of the inferior rectus and upgaze
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Complex choristoma (figure 1b)
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Lipodermoid
AFIP images
Limbal dermoid:
Subepithelial fibrous tissue resembling
reticular dermis with skin appendages
Complex choristoma:
Lacrimal gland tissue within a limbal dermoid
Island of cartilage within a limbal dermoid
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Complex choristoma:
With ectopic lacrimal gland tissue (figure 2d)
Osseous choristoma:
Bone within connective tissue capsule
Bone contains marrow
Dermolipoma:
Abundant adipose tissue
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Epidermal cyst
Dermoid cyst
Hidrocystoma
Contributed by J. Stephen Nix, M.D.
Epidermal cyst, keratinaceous contents
Epidermal cyst, granular layer
Dermoid cyst, keratinaceous contents
Dermoid cyst, adnexal structures
Dermoid cyst with rupture
Eccrine hidrocystoma
Eccrine hidrocystoma, cuboidal bilayer
Eccrine hidrocystoma, attenuated lining
Apocrine hidrocystoma
Apocrine hidrocystoma, inner cyst lining
Hidrocystoma: 5 minute pathology pearls by Dr. Jared Gardner
Dermoid cyst: 5 minute pathology pearls by Dr. Jared Gardner
AFIP images
Iris and ciliary body with open anterior chamber angle
AFIP images
MR of large retrobulbar optic nerve tumor
AFIP images
Pilocytic astrocytoma
Intraparenchymal tumor
Numerous Rosenthal fibers
Astrocytes infiltrate meninges
High grade astrocytoma
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Elongated or hair-like appearance
Rosenthal fibres
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Chronic GVHD
Excessive fibrosis
Basal epithelial cell invasion
Epithelial mesenchymal transition
Epithelial mesenchymal transition
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Disrupted basal lamina and epithelial cells
Myoepithelial cell invasion
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Sarcoidosis
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Due to fibers from teddy bear
Cicatrising
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Segregation of HBID duplication
Images hosted on other servers:
Various images
Nerve growth factor and eosinophils
IHC for NGF and eosinophils
AFIP images
Iris and ciliary body with open anterior chamber angle
Normal iris
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Iris and lens
Case #368
CD34
CD31
HHV8
Ki67
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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Pathogenesis
Contributed by Hisham Adel Saad, M.D.
Apical scarring
Evident Munson sign
Axial curvature map
Corneal topography in keratoconus
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Vogt striae
Contributed by Eiman Adel Hasby Saad, M.D.
Thin stroma in keratoconus
Bowman breaks in keratoconus
Stromal distortion in keratoconus
Images hosted on other servers:
Plaque like ulceration
Elevated hard mass
Images hosted on other servers:
Eosinophilic deposits surround islands of epithelial cells
Eosinophilic hyalinized tissue with inflammation
Histopathology of conjunctival biopsies
Inflamed granulation tissue
Acute and chronic inflammation
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Fibrillar deposits
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Lisch nodules
AFIP images
Homogeneous tumor
AFIP images
Burkitt lymphoma: bilateral
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma: bilateral
AFIP images
Low grade tumor
Well differentiated lymphoma
Irregularly shaped mass
Uniform population of well differentiated lymphocytes
Small cleaved cells
Small population of T cells
Numerous CD20+ B cells
Burkitt lymphoma
Granulocytic leukemia - Leder stain positive
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma - lymphoid cells, some with plasmacytic differentiation
AFIP images
Network of cords of neuroepithelial cells
Less differentiated cells
Malignant teratoid medulloepithelioma
AFIP images
Tumor is centered in inferior temporal quadrant
AFIP images
Heavily pigmented tumor
Bleached preparation
AFIP images
Pigmented lesion
adjacent to primary
acquired melanosis
Elevated melanotic nodule
Large neglected melanoma
AFIP images
Large heavily pigmented nodule covers cornea
AFIP images
Nodular tumor at limbus
Anaplastic melanocytes within epithelial nests
Pigmented epithelioid cells with prominent nucleoli
Pleomorphic tumor cells
Malignant spindled melanocytes
Malignant epithelioid melanocytes
Contributed by John Irlam, D.O.
Ocular melanoma - site unspecified
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FNA of parotid metastasis
Contributed by Arun Singh, M.D.
B scan
Contributed by Lynn R. Schoenfield, M.D. and AFIP images
Fundoscopy
Ciliary body tumor
Orange pigment
Vessels over tumor are out of focus
Contributed by Lynn R. Schoenfield, M.D. and AFIP images
Uveal melanoma
Heavily pigmented choroidal tumor
Large transillumination defect
Ruptured Bruch membrane
Subretinal hemorrhage and total retinal detachment
Partially organized hemorrhage
Amelanotic tumor with retinal detachment
Extraocular extension
Iridocyclectomy
Tumor of ciliary body
Subluxation of lens
Extraocular extension
Vortex vein invasion
Contributed by Lynn R. Schoenfield, M.D.
Dome shaped melanoma
Epithelioid cells
Spindle B cells
PAS
HMB45+
MelanA+
MITF+
AFIP images
Congenital diffuse anterior scleral pigmentation
Congenital diffuse posterial scleral pigmentation
AFIP images
Diffuse uveal and scleral pigmentation
Diffuse proliferation
AFIP images
Large tumor of orbital apex
AFIP images
Tumor arising adjacent to sphenoid wing
AFIP images
Tumor growth within dura
Tumor of superior lateral orbit
Invasion of sphenoid bone
Islands of meningothelial cells
Small nests with a whorled pattern
AFIP images
Superficial tumor of upper eyelid
AFIP images
Thickened choroid
Spindled and small polyhedral shaped melanocytes
Dysplastic nevus syndrome
Nevus cells have benign cytologic features
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Balloon cell nevus
Variations in pigmentation
Variations in size
Variations in location
Variations in associated clinical features
Variations in clinical appearance
Change in nevus appearance over time
AFIP images
Compound nevus: variability in cytology
Atypical compound
nevus melanocytes
in junctional area
Cystic compound nevus:
Multiple large cysts
Nevoid cells
Sheets of melanocytes
Diffuse proliferation of melanocytes
Images hosted on other servers:
Benign nevus (B), amelanotic nevus (C)
Conjunctival nevi
Epithelioid cell (clonal or inverted) nevi
Granular cell nevus
Balloon cell:
Various images
Balloon cell
compound nevus
composed of
large clear cells
AFIP images
Congenital subepithelial melanosis
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Cicatrizing conjunctivitis
Slit lamp photograph showing bullae
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Inflamed conjunctiva
Subepidermal bullous dermatosis
AFIP images
Well circumscribed tumor of left lacrimal sac
AFIP images
Well circumscribed papillary tumor
Well differentiated squamous epithelium
Fronds covered
by neoplastic
transitional
epithelium
Papilloma with malignant transformation
AFIP images
CT scan: microphthalmic eye
AFIP images
Mild microphthalmos
AFIP images
Wrinkling and rupture of posterior lens capsule
AFIP images
Retrolental mass
Retrolental fibrovascular mass
AFIP images
Islands of lens epithelial tissue
Proliferation of swollen epithelial cells
PAS+ lenticular tissue
PAS+ thick basement membrane
AFIP images
Regressed retinoblastoma
Disorganized intraocular contents with ossification and calcification
Fossilized tumor cells
Massive retinal gliosis
Images hosted on other servers:
Lamina propria shows
basophilic elastosis
and hyalinization
AFIP images
Well circumscribed
pseudoencapsulated
lacrimal gland
tumor
Islands of epithelial cells, myxoid stroma and cysts
Double layer of epithelial cells within a myxoid stroma
Chondroid differentiation
With carcinoma
Large round nodule of pleomorphic adenoma
Benign ducts within
myxoid stroma;
adenocarcinoma
With adenoid cystic carcinoma
Contributed by Arturo Grau, M.D., M.Sc.
Corneolimbal fleshy lesion
Fibrovascular pattern
Contributed by Pablo Zoroquiain, M.D.
Elastotic degeneration
Corneoconjunctival
junction
With cornea and conjunctiva
Elastotic infiltrate
Contributed by Marta Couce, M.D., Ph.D. and AFIP images
MRI, intraocular mass, exophytic
MRI sagittal, heterogeneous signal
Ovoid retinal tumor
Focal calcification
AFIP images
Leukocoria
Strabismus without leukocoria
Focal opacified areas
Obscured retinal vessels
Retinal tumor invades subretinal space
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Ultrasound B scan / RetCam
Fundoscopic image demonstrating tumor
Contributed by Marta Couce, M.D., Ph.D. and AFIP images
Chalky tumor posterior chamber
Exophytic growth, focal hemorrhage
Massive extraocular extension
Destruction of anterior segment
Large areas of necrosis
Calcification
3 small retinal tumors
Choroidal invasion
Total exudative retinal detachment
Optic nerve enlargement
Contributed by Marta Couce, M.D., Ph.D.
Retinoblastoma infiltrating normal retina
Retinoblastoma replacing neurosensory retina
Optic nerve infiltration
Extensive tumor necrosis
Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes
Ki67
AFIP images
Nodules of tumor cells
Anterior chamber involvement
Viable tumor cells
Adjacent endophytic tumor
Sleeve pattern and rosettes
Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes
Homer Wright rosettes
Poorly differentiated tumor cells
Azzopardi phenomenon
Spindle shaped glia
Benign cytology
Benign cytology
Invasion of optic nerve head
Invasion to lamina cribrosa
Invasion of optic nerve parenchyma posterior
Invasion of full thickness of choroid
AFIP images
Clumps and individual tumor cells
Images hosted on other servers:
Cluster and
rosette formation /
PAS positive
granules
AFIP images
Bulbous process of fleurette
AFIP images
Uniform cells without necrosis
Small, round, hyperchromatic nuclei
AFIP images
CT shows large tumor of orbital floor invading maxillary sinus
AFIP images
Botryoid tumor beneath the conjunctiva
AFIP images
Alveolar pattern
Alveolar spaces contain anaplastic cells
Alveolar pattern and large anaplastic giant cells
Rhabdomyoblasts
Embryonal pattern
Bundles of spindle
cells with hyperchromatic
nuclei and numerous
mitotic figures
Cross striations
Myxoid pattern
Round and tadpole shaped rhabdomyoblasts
AFIP images
Long cytoplasmic
processes and atypical
nuclei (inset - muscle
specific actin positive)
AFIP images
Plaque-like lesion with cords of basaloid cells and numerous horn cysts
Acanthotic epithelium with massive hyperkeratosis forming a cutaneous horn
AFIP images
Small polyhedral cells surround vascular spaces
Vascular channels have a staghorn pattern
Cells are polyhedral and spindled, with mild atypia
Metastatic liver nodule
Images hosted on other servers:
Nodular tumor with prominent vascularity at limbus
AFIP images
Large limbal tumor invades anterior chamber
Tumor has destroyed eye and invaded orbit
AFIP images
Early invasion with corneal involvement
Well differentiated tumor with deep invasion
Metastasis to preauricular node and parotid gland
Sarcomatous pattern
Deep scleral and corneal invasion
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Thick layer of parakeratosis and microinvasion
Lobules of invasive keratinizing carcinoma
Papillomatous pattern
AFIP images
Squamous cell carcinoma - spindle cell type
Atrophic epidermis over a highly infiltrative tumor
Spindled cells resemble sarcoma
Images hosted on other servers:
Pedunculated red-orange mass of caruncle
Pedunculated vascular lesion with smooth surface
Sessile lesion
Contributed by Pablo Zoroquiain, M.D.
Finger-like projections of the neoplastic process
Acanthotic epithelium with fibrovascular cores
Goblet cells present
Base of the tumor
AFIP images
Gross extraocular extension
Contributed by Martin Hyrcza, M.D., Ph.D., M.Sc.
Scleral invasion
Extrascleral extension
Images hosted on other servers:
Pale yellow lesion
Images hosted on other servers:
Cyst lined by
squamous epithelium
with sebaceous glands
in cyst wall
Images hosted on other servers:
Prolapsed orbital fat
Contributed by Ivy John, M.D.
Herniated orbital fat
Images hosted on other servers:
Halo sign
Images hosted on other servers:
Visible temporal artery
Contributed by José Tomás Peña, M.D., Pablo Zoroquiain, M.D. and @MirunaPopescu13 on Twitter
Segmental inflammation
Intimal hyperplasia
Transmural inflammation
Giant cells
Temporal arteritis
Loss of elastic fibers
Loss of elastic fibers
Vasculitis Foundation giant cell arteritis webinar
Giant cell arteritis
by Nicholas J. Volpe,
European Society of Ophthalmology
Temporal artery biopsy technique
Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis) pathology by Jerad Gardner, M.D.
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WHO grading
Presence of five or more follicles
Thickening of the tarsal conjunctiva
Scarring in the tarsal conjunctiva
Evidence of recent removal of inturned eyelashes
Corneal opacity over the pupil
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Chlamydia inclusions
AFIP images
White sclerotic vitreous mass
AFIP images
Vitreous mass contains collagen (trichrome stain)
Acidophilic material and scattered eosinophils
Contributed by Marta Couce, M.D., Ph.D.
Conjunctival oncocytoma
Conjunctival schwannoma
Cyst of the conjunctiva
Subepithelial conjunctival nevus
Compound conjunctival nevus
Benign epithelial melanosis of the conjunctiva
Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma
Adenosquamous carcinoma
Conjunctival oncocytoma
Contributed by Gabrielle Yeaney, M.D.
Bilateral eyelids
Contributed by Gabrielle Yeaney, M.D.
Foamy cells superficial dermis
Lipid laden histiocytes
Extension around neurovascular bundle
Touton multinucleated cells
Perivascular clusters
Xanthelasma (xanthoma of eyelid)
Eagle: 2016
Folberg: 2020
Font: 2006
Heegaard : 2015
IARC: 2018
Shields: 2015
Thompson: 2022
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