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Adrenal gland and paraganglia
Adrenal hyperfunction / hyperplasia
Macronodular hyperplasia
Reviewer: Nat Pernick, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 20 February 2013, last major update February 2005
Copyright: (c) 2002-2013, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
General
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- Large (0.5 cm or more), bilateral nodules of histologically unremarkable adrenocortical tissue in adrenal cortex or protruding into adjacent adipose tissue
- Rare (< 100 cases reported)
- Mean age 45-55 years
- Laboratory: elevated plasma cortisol not suppressed by dexamethasone, low serum ACTH
Treatment
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- Bilateral adrenalectomy, does not appear to recur
Gross description
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- Enlarged adrenal glands, up to 200 g
- May be “massive”
- Nodules from 0.2 to 4.0 cm, yellow-tan and not encapsulated
Micro description
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- Nodules composed of clear and compact cells with variable lipid
- Variable myelolipomatous change, osseous metaplasia or atrophic cortex between nodules
- No / rare mitotic figures or atypia
Differential diagnosis
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End of Adrenal gland and paraganglia > Adrenal hyperfunction / hyperplasia > Macronodular hyperplasia
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