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Bladder
Other tumors
Carcinoid tumor
Author: Nat Pernick, M.D. (see Authors page)
Revised: 21 December 2009, last major update - December 2009
Copyright: (c) 2002-2009, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Definition
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● Rare low grade neuroendocrine carcinoma, similar to counterparts at other sites
Terminology
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Epidemiology
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● Usually 47-69 years old
Sites
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● Bladder neck and trigone
Etiology
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Clinical features
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● Rare, < 50 cases described
● Patients present with hematuria
● No carcinoid syndrome
● Behavior is difficult to predict (Arch Pathol Lab Med 2006;130:169); occasionally produces metastases and death
Prognostic factors
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Case reports
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● 54 year old woman with tumor arising beneath an inverted papilloma (Archives 1994;118:666)
● 62 year old woman (Archives 1992;116:1217)
● 68 year old man with calcitonin secreting tumor (BMC Cancer 2005 Jul 27;5:88)
Treatment
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● Excision is usually curative, but behavior may not be predictable
Clinical images
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Gross description (Macroscopy)
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● Usually 1-2 cm
● Smooth-surfaced sessile polypoid nodules covered by urothelium
Gross images
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Micro description (Histopathology)
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● Usually glandular growth pattern (Archives 2003;127:e22)
● Pure or mixed with carcinoma
Micro images
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Cytology description
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Cytology images
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Positive stains
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● Chromogranin, synaptophysin
Negative stains
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Electron microscopy descriptions
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● Neuroendocrine differentiation
Electron microscopy images
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Molecular / cytogenetics description
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Molecular / cytogenetics images
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Differential Diagnosis
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● Inverted papilloma: lacks salt and pepper chromatin of carcinoid tumors; not invasive
● Metastasis: clinical history
● Nested variant of urothelial carcinoma: classic urothelial carcinoma usually present elsewhere; usually no well defined neuroendocrine features
● Paraganglioma: nests of tumor cells surrounded by S100+ sustentacular cells
● Direct invasion from appendix: clinical history
Additional references
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End of Bladder > Other tumors > Carcinoid tumor
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