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Bladder
Acquired non-neoplastic anomalies
Author: Nat Pernick, M.D. (see Authors page)
Revised: 28 December 2009, last major update - December 2009
Copyright: (c) 2002-2009, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Definition
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● Pouch created due to pelvic relaxation, which causes uterine prolapse and protrusion of bladder into vagina
● Usually is no pathologic specimen
Terminology
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● A type of pelvic organ prolapse
Epidemiology
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Sites
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Etiology
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Clinical features
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● Pelvic organ prolapse, including cystocele, is a significant health issue for women, with 250K procedures annually in US
● Associated with urinary tract infections since bladder does not empty completely
Prognostic factors
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Case reports
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Treatment
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● Watchful waiting, pessary, various surgical procedures (Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007 Jul 18;CD004014)
Clinical images
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Gross description (Macroscopy)
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Gross images
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Micro description (Histopathology)
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Micro images
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Cytology description
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Cytology images
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Positive stains
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Negative stains
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Electron microscopy descriptions
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Electron microscopy images
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Molecular / cytogenetics description
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Molecular / cytogenetics images
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Differential Diagnosis
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● (link to topic)
Additional references
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End of Bladder > Acquired non-neoplastic anomalies > Cystocele
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