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Bladder
Congenital anomalies
Duplication
Author: Nat Pernick, M.D. (see Authors page)
Revised: 30 December 2009, last major update - December 2009
Copyright: (c) 2002-2009, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Definition
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● Bladder is separated into compartments - either double bladder, septal bladder or hourglass bladder
Terminology
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Epidemiology
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● Rare, < 100 cases reported
Sites
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Etiology
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Clinical features
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● Incomplete emptying may cause urinary tract infections, although most patients lack symptoms
● Varies from intravesical septum to complete duplication of lower urinary tract
● Complete duplication means two bladders, each with a full thickness muscularis propria and its own ipsilateral ureter, half the trigone, and a urethra; may occur in coronal or sagittal planes
● Incomplete duplication consists of two bladder halves separated by a thick muscular wall, both draining into a common urethra
● Associated with other GI and GU anomalies, including caudal duplication syndrome (Am J Dis Child 1993;147:1048)
● Anomalies (and treatment) may vary by patient (Urology 2000;55:578)
Prognostic factors
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Case reports
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● 3 year old boy with no other anomalies (Urology 2006;68:1121.e1)
● 12 year old boy with bladder and colonic duplication (Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2008;19:87)
Treatment
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● Needed in some cases for infections or to achieve continence
Clinical images
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Cystourethrogram shows complete bladder duplication, #1; #2 (labeled a and b)
Ultrasound shows complete bladder duplication, link
Gross description (Macroscopy)
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Gross images
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Micro description (Histopathology)
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Micro images
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Cytology description
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Cytology images
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Positive stains
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Negative stains
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Electron microscopy descriptions
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Electron microscopy images
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Molecular / cytogenetics description
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Molecular / cytogenetics images
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Differential Diagnosis
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● (link to topic)
Additional references
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End of Bladder > Congenital anomalies > Duplication
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