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Bladder
Embryology
Author: Nat Pernick, M.D. (see Authors page)
Revised: 4 March 2010, last major update March 2010
Copyright: (c) 2002-2010, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Development
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● Bladder develops during first 12 weeks of gestation
● Bladder and trigone development are regulated by complex epithelial-mesenchymal signaling events (Curr Opin Urol 2009;19:427)
● Urorectal septum divides cloaca into dorsal rectum and ventral urogenital sinus
● Trigone develops from dilation, fusion and incorporation of caudal mesonephric ducts into urogenital sinus, forming a triangular area that is site of future ureters
● Mesonephric ducts are gradually absorbed and replaced by endodermal epithelium of urogenital sinus
● Posterior walls, dome and part of lateral walls arise from mesenchyme surrounding urogenital sinus
● Anterior wall and part of lateral walls develop with closure of infraumbilical portion of abdominal wall
● Note: neither urachus or allantois are involved in formation of bladder
Micro description (Histopathology)
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Allantois:
● Rudimentary structure lined by endoderm that is connected to urachus
Urachus:
● Formed during descent of abdominal wall, connects umbilicus to apex (dome) of bladder, torn apart as embryo elongates but remnants persist in anterior abdominal wall and may persist in bladder wall (see patent urachus)
Micro images
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Early fetal development
Diagrams
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Development of bladder Cloacal septal formation (animation)
Additional references
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● Atlas of Human Embryology, University of North South Wales
End of Bladder > Embryology
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