Home Chapter Home Jobs Conferences Fellowships Books
Advertisement
Bladder
Urothelial carcinoma-invasive
With squamous differentiation
Author: Nat Pernick, M.D. (see Authors page)
Revised: 12 June 2010, last major update June 2010
Copyright: (c) 2002-2010, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Definition
=========================================================================
● Mixed variant with malignant urothelial and squamous components (either component may be in situ only)
Terminology
=========================================================================
●
Epidemiology
=========================================================================
● Occurs in 21% of urothelial carcinomas of bladder (Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007;131:1244)
Sites
=========================================================================
●
Etiology
=========================================================================
●
Clinical features
=========================================================================
● Clinical significance uncertain, but appears to be unfavorable prognostic factor (Int Braz J Urol 2007;33:339, Urology 2007;70:69)
● May be resistant to radiotherapy (J Clin Pathol 1989;42:250)
Prognostic factors
=========================================================================
●
Case reports
=========================================================================
●
Treatment
=========================================================================
●
Clinical images
=========================================================================
●
Gross description (Macroscopy)
=========================================================================
●
Gross images
=========================================================================
Micro description (Histopathology)
=========================================================================
● Associated with high grade urothelial carcinoma
● By definition, must also have an identifiable malignant urothelial component (may be only carcinoma in situ)
● Squamous component has nests of malignant squamous epithelium, characterized by polygonal cells and evidence of keratinization (dyskeratosis, keratin pearls) or intercellular bridges
● Squamous component may have basaloid or clear cell features
● Associated with eosinophils (J Clin Pathol 1984;37:500)
● Recommended to report percentage of squamous component
Micro images
=========================================================================
High grade tumor Keratin pearls Figure 1
Poorly differentiated tumor with Various images
squamous differentiation
Cytology description
=========================================================================
●
Cytology images
=========================================================================
●
Positive stains
=========================================================================
● Squamous component: CK14, Mac387 (L1 antigen, J Clin Pathol 2007;60:332)
● Also caveolin-1 (Am J Clin Pathol 2003;120:93)
Negative stains
=========================================================================
● Squamous component: uroplakins (positive in urothelial component)
Electron microscopy descriptions
=========================================================================
●
Electron microscopy images
=========================================================================
Molecular / cytogenetics description
=========================================================================
●
Molecular / cytogenetics images
=========================================================================
Differential Diagnosis
=========================================================================
● Squamous cell carcinoma: no associated urothelial component (i.e. pure squamous cell component)
Additional references
=========================================================================
●
End of Bladder > Urothelial carcinoma-invasive > With squamous differentiation
This information is intended for physicians and related personnel, who understand that medical information is often imperfect, and must also be interpreted in the context of a patient's clinical data using reasonable medical judgment. This website should not be used as a substitute for the advice of a licensed physician.
All information on this website is protected by copyright of PathologyOutlines.com, Inc. Information from third parties may also be protected by copyright. Please contact us at copyrightPathOut@gmail.com with any questions (click here for other contact information).