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Breast-nonmalignant
Benign tumors / changes
Phyllodes Tumor - Borderline
Reviewer: Hind Nassar, M.D. in January 2009 (see Authors page)
Revised: 8 October 2012, last major update April 2010
Copyright: (c) 2002-2010, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Definition
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● Has features intermediate between benign and malignant phyllodes tumors
Terminology
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● May be considered low grade malignant tumors
Epidemiology
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Sites
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Etiology
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Clinical features
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● 15-30% of phyllodes tumors (Asian J Surg 2009;32:224)
● Tend to recur, 9% may metastasize
Prognostic factors
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Case reports
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Treatment
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● Wide local excision
Clinical images
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Gross description (Macroscopy)
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Gross images
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Micro description (Histopathology)
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● Moderate cellularity (between benign and malignant), 1-5 mitotic figures/10 HPF, partially or entirely infiltrative border
Micro images
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Borderline tumor
H&E and p53 staining
Ki-67
Fig A: benign tumor with minimal nuclear staining
Fig B: low grade malignant tumor with increased Ki-67
Fig C: high grade malignant tumor with frequent staining
Drawings
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Virtual Slides
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Videos
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Cytology description
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Cytology images
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Positive stains
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Negative stains
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Electron microscopy descriptions
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Electron microscopy images
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Molecular / cytogenetics description
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● Similar methylation profile (Virchows Arch 2009;455:469) and cytogenetics (Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008;112:411) as malignant phyllodes tumors
Molecular / cytogenetics images
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Differential Diagnosis
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Additional references
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End of Breast-nonmalignant > Benign tumors / changes > Phyllodes tumor - Borderline
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