CD Markers - CD133

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CD Markers

CD133

Reviewers: Nat Pernick, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 9 June 2012, last major update June 2012
Copyright: (c) 2002-2012, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

General
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● Also known as Prominin 1, AC133
● Transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on the hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial progenitors, and dermal-derived stem cells capable of differentiating into neural cells

Uses by pathologists
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● Alternative to CD34 in selecting hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for transplantation studies
● Marker of cancer stem cells (cells with tumor initiating potential, Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2012;51:792)

Clinical features
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● High expression is a poor prognostic factor in: colorectal carcinoma (Mod Pathol 2010;23:450), endometrial carcinoma (Hum Pathol 2010;41:1516), hepatocellular carcinoma (Br J Cancer 2012 May 17 [Epub ahead of print]), melanoma-childhood (Mod Pathol 2010;23:376), neuroblastoma (Histopathology 2012;60:1144), ovarian carcinoma (Mod Pathol 2012;25:456)
● Note: for colorectal carcinoma, CD133 expression may be related to mutation or activity status of Ras-Raf pathway (Clin Cancer Res 2012;18:3132)

Micro images
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Colorectal carcinoma

Glial tumors

Hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma


Pancreas - normal

Skin - nevus and melanoma


Skin - melanoma (childhood)

Stomach - gastric carcinoma

Positive staining - normal
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● Localized to microvilli and other plasma membrane protrusions
● CD34 bright hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (umbilical cord blood-derived CD133+ cells can differentiate into endothelial cells and induce new blood vessel growth, Front Biosci 2012;17:2247)
● Progenitor cells within nephron (Expert Opin Ther Targets 2012;16:157)
● Neural stem cells and other primitive cells such as retina
● Villous and extravillous cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast

Positive staining - disease
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● Numerous malignancies
● Brain tumors (CD133+ cells have characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells, Cancer Lett 2012 May 28 [Epub ahead of print])

Negative staining
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● Adult epithelial tissue, villous stroma

End of CD Markers > CD133

Ref Updated: 6/7/12

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