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Table of Contents
Definition / General | Terminology | Pathophysiology | Clinical Features | Uses by Pathologists | Micro Images | Positive Staining - Normal | Positive Staining - Disease | Negative Staining | Additional ReferencesDefinition / General
- Dendritic cell marker
- Mediates cellular binding of particles and immune complexes that have activated complement
Terminology
- Also called erythrocyte complement receptor 1 (CR1), C3b and C4b receptor
Pathophysiology
- Binds immune complexes coated with C3b or C4b and mediates their transport to and removal by the fixed phagocyte systems of the spleen and liver
- Cofactor for specific proteolytic cleavage of C3b and C4b by plasma serine protease factor I, which limits complement activation and produces ligands for other complement receptors
- The Knops, McCoy, Swain-Langley, and York blood group antigens are located on CD35 (Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database)
- Follicular dendritic cells form a reticular network in the lymphoid follicle necessary to retain and present native antigens (in the form of antigen-antibody immune complexes) to B cells during the secondary immune response
- CD21, CD23 and CD35 are dendritic cell markers
Clinical Features
- Reduced expression in erthrocytes in gallbladder carcinoma (World J Gastroenterol 2004;10:3480), preeclampsia (Am J Reprod Immunol 2005;54:352), severe acute respiratory syndrome (Clin Exp Immunol 2005;139:112), mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosis (Arthritis Rheum 2004;50:3596)
- Acts as a malaria resistance gene, and deficiencies of CR1 are protective against Plasmodium falciparum (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004;101:272)
- A specific genotype is associated with sarcoidosis in females (Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2002;27:17)
Uses by Pathologists
- Diagnose follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (Am J Surg Pathol 1996;20:944)
- Highlight or confirm lack of dendritic cell germinal center meshwork
- For example: splenic B cell lymphoma (Am J Surg Pathol 2003;27:903)
Micro Images
Images hosted on PathOut server:
Follicular dendritic cell tumor
Images hosted on Other servers:
Liver mass
Intraabdominal mass
Positive Staining - Normal
- Follicular dendritic cells, erythrocytes
- Basophils, eosinophils, granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages (some), B cells, T cells (10%), NK cell subset, some astrocytes
Positive Staining - Disease
- Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (Am J Surg Pathol 1998;22:1048, Mod Pathol 2002;15:50), Hodgkin lymphoma (Reed-Sternberg cells in 5%, Am J Surg Pathol 1999;23:363), inflammatory GI fibroid polyps (focal in stromal cells, Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:107), splenic marginal zone lymphoma (some cases, Am J Surg Pathol 2007;31:438)
- Occasionally other B cell lymphomas (J Appl Oral Sci 2009;17:248)
Negative Staining
- Langerhans cells (normal and tumors)
- Fibroblastic reticulum cell tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, histiocytic sarcoma (Am J Surg Pathol 1994;28:1133), inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (Am J Surg Pathol 1998;22:412), interdigitating dendritic cell tumor (Am J Surg Pathol 1999;23:1141)
Additional References
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