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Cervix-Cytology

Benign / non-neoplastic lesions

Microglandular hyperplasia

Reviewer: Farnaz Hasteh, M.D., UCSD Medical Center (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 10 December 2010, last major update December 2010
Copyright: (c) 2006-2010, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

Definition
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● Benign, non-neoplastic proliferation of endocervical glands

Epidemiology
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● Common in reproductive aged women but can be also present after menopause

Etiology
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● Associated with oral contraceptive pills (progestins), pregnancy

Cytology description
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● Uniform glandular cells with fenestration or microacini (Acta Cytol 1999;43:110)
● Bi- or tridimensional cellular clusters of cubic or cylindrical glandular cells with vacuolated cytoplasm, also cells with dense cytoplasm and basaloid cells
● Often has an immature metaplastic pattern (Diagn Cytopathol 2004; 30:57)
● Also reserve cells with scant cytoplasm and small, round nuclei
● May have plasma cells or other inflammatory cells
● May have cytologic atypia (Diagn Cytopathol 1994; 10:326) due to hyperchromatic crowded groups, nuclear enlargement, hyperchromasia
● Cells may have multiple nucleoli, mitotic figures, apoptotic bodies and focal, watery diathesis (Acta Cytol 2000; 44:661)

Cytology images
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Degenerating endocervical cells with streaming; endocervical cells appear pseudokeratotic

Positive stains
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● p16 (variable, Int J Gynecol Pathol 2009;28:107)

Negative stains
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● CEA

Differential diagnosis
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● Adenocarcinoma: more mitotic activity, CEA+, Ki-67 (Int J Gynecol Pathol 2003;22:261)
● HSIL or ASC-H

End of Cervix-cytology > Benign / non-neoplastic lesions > Microglandular hyperplasia

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