General
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• Can involve endocervical cells or squamous epithelial cells

Gross description
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• Fibrosis, induration, stenosis of endocervix, surface irregularity or no abnormality

Micro description
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• Similar to changes in other organs (Int J Gynecol Pathol 1996;15:242)
• Hyalinized stroma or reactive changes with ectatic vessels
• Sparse, well-spaced tubular or dilated glands in endocervix
• Abundant cytoplasm with vacuoles
• Uniformly dispersed nuclei with minimal crowding, but marked nuclear atypia of endocervical glandular cells with enlarged, pleomorphic and smudged nuclei, prominent nucleoli
• Chromatin is fine and degenerated
• No/rare mitotic figures, low N/C ratio

Micro images
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Radiation atypia

Cytology description
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• See Cervix - cytology

Positive stains
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• Scattered CEA

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