Kidney non-tumor - Adefovir nephrotoxicity

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Kidney non-tumor

Drug related toxicity

Adefovir nephrotoxicity

Reviewers: Nikhil Sangle, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 2 September 2012, last major update September 2012
Copyright: (c) 2003-2012, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

General
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● Antiretroviral agent used for HIV
● 10 mg daily dose may be associated with hypophosphatemia, elevated creatinine level and Fanconi syndrome, due to reversible proximal tubular toxicity (Expert Opin Drug Saf 2011;10:809, Am J Ther 2011 Apr 23 [Epub ahead of print])
● Causes severe acute degenerative changes in proximal tubules, possibly mediated by focal deficiency of cytochrome C oxidase (Hum Pathol 2001;32:734)

Case reports
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● 47 year old man taking 10 mg/day adefovir for chronic Hepatitis B who developed Fanconi syndrome (Gut Liver 2010;4:389)

Electron microscopy description
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● Proximal tubular mitochondria are enlarged, dysmorphic and disoriented with reduced cristae

End of Kidney non-tumor > Drug related toxicity > Adefovir nephrotoxicity

Ref Updated: 7/5/12

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