Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts - tumor - TNM staging of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts - tumor

Miscellaneous

TNM staging of hepatocellular carcinoma

Reviewers: Deepali Jain, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 9 January 2013, last major update February 2012
Copyright: (c) 2004-2013, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

General
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● Classification excludes sarcomas and metastases to liver

Primary tumor (T)
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● TX: primary tumor cannot be assessed
● T0: no evidence of primary tumor
● T1: solitary tumor without vascular invasion
● T2: solitary tumor with vascular invasion or multiple tumors, none more than 5 cm
● T3a: multiple tumors more than 5 cm
● T3b: single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein
● T4: tumor(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum

Notes:
● Vascular invasion includes gross or microscopic involvement
● For T3, a major branch means the right or left portal vein, or right-middle or left hepatic vein
● Multiple tumors includes satellitosis, multifocal tumors and intrahepatic metastases

Regional lymph nodes (N)
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● NX: regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed
● N0: no regional lymph node metastasis
● N1: regional lymph node metastasis

Distant metastasis (M)
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● M0: no distant metastasis
● M1: distant metastasis

Stage grouping
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● I:    T1 N0 M0
● II:   T2 N0 M0
● IIIA:  T3a N0 M0
● IIIB:  T3b N0 M0
● IIIC:  T4 N0 M0
● IVA:  any T N1 M0
● IVB:  any T any N M1

End of Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts - tumor > Miscellaneous > TNM staging of hepatocellular carcinoma

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