Lung - nontumor - Acute interstitial pneumonia

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Lung-nontumor

Other interstitial pneumonitis / fibrosis

Acute interstitial pneumonia

Reviewers: Elliot Weisenberg, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 25 September 2011, last major update September 2011
Copyright: (c) 2003-2011, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

Definition
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● Acute lung injury (clinically adult respiratory distress syndrome) without an identifiable cause
● Also called Hamman-Rich syndrome, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

Etiology
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● Due to endothelial or epithelial injury, both result in decreased integrity of alveolar capillary membrane
● Imbalance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators is present
● Neutrophils increase in alveoli and interstitium and release metabolites leading to lung injury

Clinical features
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● Rapidly progressive disease, death usually within 2 months
● Typically, adults (mean age 50) with influenza-like illness followed by shortness of breath, no sex predilection
● Survivors may suffer recurrences or develop chronic lung injury

Micro description
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● Resembles diffuse alveolar damage with type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, typically followed by brisk interstitial fibroblastic proliferation

End of Lung-nontumor > Other interstitial pneumonitis / fibrosis > Acute interstitial pneumonia

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