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Mediastinum

Cystic lesions

Enteric cyst

Reviewer: Hanni Gulwani, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 23 February 2013, last major update December 2012
Copyright: (c) 2003-2013, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

General
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● Children or teens, with cysts usually in posterior mediastinum, due to developmental defect from fusion of tracheoesophageal septum
● Gastric cysts may produce acid and rupture or hemorrhage

Clinical features
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● Associated with vertebral anomalies (hemivertebrae, spina bifida)
● Leaky cysts are associated with pleural effusion or pulmonary consolidation
● Paraesophageal cysts are associated with dysphagia or subnormal weight gain
● Gastroesophageal cysts are associated with cough, vomiting, fever, pneumonia, empyema

Case reports
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● 39 year old man with adenocarcinoma arising from a mediastinal enteric cyst (Intern Med 2007;46:781)
● Neonate with posterior mediastinal gastoenteric cyst (Saudi Med J 2004;25:955)

Gross description
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● 2-10 cm, rounded or irregular, with fibromuscular wall of variable thickness
● Usually unilocular but may be multiloculated
● Smooth inner lining, often mucoid contents

Micro description
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● Squamous, simple columnar, pseudostratified columnar or mixed epithelial lining, usually with some gastric glandular mucosa, overlying a double layer of smooth muscle
● No cholesterol granulomas, no cartilage

End of Mediastinum > Cystic lesions > Enteric cyst

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