Placenta - Mesenchymal dysplasia

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Placenta

Placental gross/microscopic abnormalities, non-neoplastic

Mesenchymal dysplasia

Reviewers: Mandolin Ziadie, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 16 November 2011, last major update October 2011
Copyright: (c) 2003-2011, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

Definition
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● Rare disorder characterized by an enlarged, abnormal placenta due to overgrowth and vascular abnormalities
● May be associated with fetal overgrowth syndromes, omphalocele or mosaicism

Case reports
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● 25 year old woman with enlarged placenta containing numerous grape-like cysts (Case of Week #193)

Gross description
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● Bulky placenta with a “bed of yarn” appearance to the maternal surface
● Large, dilated vessels on the chorionic plate that may be thrombosed or have aneurysms
● Resembles a partial mole

Micro description
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● Dilated thick-walled chorionic plate vessels with fibromuscular hyperplasia
● Stem villi are enlarged and hypervascular with hydropic stroma and central cisterns that may be lined by lymphatic endothelium (Placenta 2009;30:654), and are filled with gelatinous material
● No trophoblastic hyperplasia is present
● Intermediate villi show chorangiomatosis-like changes with abnormal vascular branching / dilatation
● Terminal villi may be normal or immature

End of Placenta > Placental gross/microscopic abnormalities, non-neoplastic > Mesenchymal dysplasia

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