Synovial sarcoma

Prostate
Other malignancies
Synovial sarcoma

Authors: Kenneth Iczkowski, M.D. (see Authors page)

Revised: 24 August 2017, last major update March 2017

Copyright: (c) 2003-2016, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

PubMed search: prostatic synovial sarcoma

Table of Contents

Cite this page: Iczkowski, K. Synovial sarcoma. PathologyOutlines.com website. http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/prostatesynovialsarcoma.html. Accessed April 21st, 2018.

Definition / general

Primary prostatic synovial sarcoma is a rare presentation of a well studied disease (see Soft tissue topic), and is one of the few primary sarcomas to occur in the prostate (Arch Pathol Lab Med 2017;141:301)

Essential features

Spindle and oval cells forming interlacing fascicles
Aggressive growth and metastasis common

Epidemiology

Age range of 28 to 63 years

Diagnosis

Reportedly established on a core needle biopsy in 1 case and transurethral resection of the prostate in a second; in 8 other cases, on resection

Case reports

22 year old man with metastatic tumor to liver and lung (World J Surg Oncol 2014;12:194)
37 year old man with monophasic tumor (Am J Surg Pathol 1999;23:220)
44 and 46 year old men (J Surg Pathol 2008;16:329)
Three cases, two with documented metastasis (Korean J Urol 2014;55:797)
Survival is documented in 3 cases (Histopathology 2006;48:321, Urology 2013;82:160)

Treatment

Combinations of surgical resection, chemotherapy or radiation therapy
Surgical procedures range from radical prostatectomy to pelvic extenteration with en bloc penectomy and pubectomy

Microscopic (histologic) description

Uniform spindle and oval cells forming interlacing fascicles resembling fibrosarcoma
Focally the compact fascicles of tumor cells alternate with hypocellular myxoid tissue resembling peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Focal pericytomatous pattern of polygonal cells arranged around dilated, thin walled blood vessels

Microscopic (histologic) images

Images hosted on PathOut server, contributed by Dr. Kenneth Iczkowski:

A cellular pattern of overlapping uniform spindle and oval cells
forming interlacing fascicles is evident in this needle biopsy.
Pericytomatous cell arrangement was not prominent

Images hosted on other servers:

Site unspecified

Positive stains

CK7, EMA, Bcl2, CD99, E cadherin and vimentin (most cells) (Arch Pathol Lab Med 2017;141:301)

Negative stains

S100, keratin, neuron specific enolase, CD34, desmin, muscle specific actin, alpha smooth muscle actin

Molecular / cytogenetics description

Has SYT-SSX gene fusion due to t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2) (Int J Surg Pathol 2008;16:329)

Differential diagnosis

Other sarcomas reported in the prostate include, in descending order of incidence:
- Leiomyosarcoma
- Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Prostatic stromal sarcoma
- Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
- Osteosarcoma
- And a few others
The above battery of immunostains should help establish the diagnosis

Board review question #1

Which of the following stains when positive helps confirm synovial sarcoma:

CD34
CD99
Cytokeratin 20
Desmin
Calretinin

Board review answer #1

B. CD99