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Skin - Nonmelanocytic tumors

Other tumors of skin

Endometriosis

Reviewer: Christopher Hale, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 14 September 2012, last major update September 2012
Copyright: (c) 2001-2012, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

General
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● Ectopic endometrial tissue, usually described in pelvic organs, but 0.5-1.0% of cases are cutaneous
● Women of reproductive age, often due to iatrogenic seeding of umbilicus during C-section (Villar’s nodule) but may occur in almost any site
● Carcinoma rarely arises in pre-existing endometriosis
● Women with endometriosis may have mildly increased risk of melanoma (Int J Epidemiol 2009;38:1143)

Treatment
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● Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues
● Excision

Case reports
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● 35 year old woman with menstruating cutaneous lesion of umbilicus (J Med Case Reports 2009;3:9326)
● 37 year old woman with umbilical nodule (Dermatol Online J 2011;17:5)

Gross description
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● Dark red to bluish nodule, may form cystic structure

Gross images
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Villar's nodule

Micro description
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● Endometrial glands, endometrial stroma and hemorrhage
● May have marked decidual changes

Micro images
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Endometriosis in periumbilical dermis


Various images

Positive stains
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● ER, PR, CK7

Negative stains
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● CK20, calretinin, CDX2

Differential diagnosis
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● Sweat gland tumor
● Urachal duct cyst
● Pyogenic granuloma
● Hernia
● Residual embryonic tissue
● Primary or metastatic adenocarcinoma (Sister Joseph's nodule)
● Cutaneous endosalpingiosis

End of Skin - Nonmelanocytic tumors > Other tumors of skin > Endometriosis

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