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Cite this page: AGR2. PathologyOutlines.com website. http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stainsagr2.html. Accessed July 12th, 2017.
Definition / general
- Anterior gradient protein 2
- Member of protein disulfide isomerase family; homolog of African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) gene XAG2
- Secreted peptide known to promote cell metastasis (Exp Cell Res 2012;318:1788, Exp Mol Med 2011;43:91)
- Localizes in endoplasmic reticulum of normal intestinal epithelial cells and is essential for in vivo production of mucus; mediates processing of MUC2 through formation of mixed disulfide bonds (Cancer Res 2011;71:7091)
Clinical features
- May have important role in glioblastoma growth and vascularity (Cell Biochem Biophys 2013;67:1487)
- Tumor expression may have prognostic value in breast (Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2008;37:109), lung (Osaka City Med J 2012;58:13), ovarian (Pathology 2013;45:49) and prostate carcinomas (Mod Pathol 2013;26:849)
- Serum levels may have prognostic value in colorectal (Int J Mol Sci 2012;13:4367) and lung carcinomas (Cancer Biomark 2011-2012;10:101)
Microscopic (histologic) images
Esophagus: adenocarcinoma
Ovary: mucinous carcinoma
Pancreas: normal and malignant
Prostate: normal and malignant
Images from Nature.com:
Bone and soft tissue metastases
Breast: normal and carcinoma
Prostate: normal and malignant
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