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Table of Contents
Definition / general | Pathophysiology | Clinical features | Uses by pathologists | Microscopic (histologic) imagesCite this page: AP2 beta. PathologyOutlines.com website. http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stainsap2beta.html. Accessed July 12th, 2017.
Definition / general
- Member of AP2 transcription factor family, which consists of five different yet closely related 50-kDa isoforms
- Also called adapter protein 2 beta, TFAP2b (transcription factor AP 2 beta), Activating enhancer-binding protein-2β
Pathophysiology
- Regulates expression of many downstream genes, orchestrating a variety of cell processes, particularly cell induction, differentiation, survival, and proliferation and apoptosis within various developmental contexts (Mol Cancer 2014;13:89, Ann Thorac Surg 2011;92:1044)
- Assembly protein associated with clathrin-coated vesicles, involved in endocytosis and Golgi processing (Genomics 1995;30:94)
- Involved in monoaminergic transmission, likely due to a regulatory effect on monoamine oxidase type A and serotonin transporter (Brain Res 2009;1305 Suppl:S20)
Clinical features
- Expression differs in some alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma phenotypes (Int J Cancer 2014;135:1543)
- Lung cancer, non small cell type:
- Highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer, poor prognostic factor for adenocarcinoma (Mol Cancer 2014;13:89)
- Nucleolar localization may predict poor survival in stage I non-small cell lung cancer (Ann Thorac Surg 2011;92:1044)
- Mutations associated with congenital heart disease:
- Mutations involved in familial isolated patent ductus arteriosus (J Surg Res 2014;188:466)
- Mutations associated with nonfamilial congenital heart disease (Cardiovasc Pathol 2013;22:141)
- May have an impact on genetic and early environmental influence on ethanol consumption (J Neural Transm 2010;117:1077)
Uses by pathologists
- May be useful for diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (Histopathology 2009;54:873, J Clin Oncol 2006;24:816)
Microscopic (histologic) images
Images hosted on other servers:
Non-small cell lung cancer
Lung cancer cells and tumor tissues
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