Testicular neoplasms General

Testis and epididymis
Testicular neoplasms
General

Author: Turki Al-Hussain, M.D. (see Authors page)

Revised: 11 April 2017, last major update January 2013

Copyright: (c) 2002-2017, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

PubMed Search: testicular neoplasms [title]

Table of Contents

Definition / general

Cite this page: Testicular neoplasms General. PathologyOutlines.com website. http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/testistestgeneral.html. Accessed July 15th, 2017.

Definition / general

< 1% of malignancies in males; highly curable even if advanced
95% are germ cell tumors (aggressive but curative), 5% are sex cord stromal tumors (usually benign but associated with hormonal syndromes); also mixed, tumors not specific to testis, metastases
Lymphatic spread common to periaortic, iliac, mediastinal and supraclavicular nodes but not to inguinal nodes unless previous scrotal or inguinal surgery or invasion of scrotal wall
Usually spreads to ipsilateral nodes first
Hematogenous spread to liver, lungs, brain, bones
Metastases may differ from primary lesion histologically
LDH levels correlate with tumor cell mass
Serum tumor markers are used for staging (S category), assessing tumor burden (LDH), response to therapy (AFP, hCG); obtain immediately after orchiectomy and if elevated, recheck to determine if elevation persists (indicates residual disease)