Transfusion Medicine - Non-immune hemolytic transfusion reaction

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Transfusion medicine

Tranfusion reaction

Non-immune hemolytic transfusion reaction

Reviewer: Huy Phu Pham, M.D. (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 4 November 2011, last major update September 2011
Copyright: (c) 2007-2011, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

General
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● Hemolysis of pRBCs from non-immune causes, such as storage or inappropriate handling of blood products (microwave, using small needle for transfusion, transfusion of pRBCs with Lactated Ringer solution, use of hyper- or hypoosmotic fluids, thermal injury, etc.)
● ALWAYS need to rule out immune causes of hemolysis
● Lysed red cells may cause hemodynamic, renal and pulmonary problems, possibly death

Laboratory
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● Hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, possibly hyperkalemia (if renal failure)

Clinical features
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● Clinical features and treatment are similar to acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
● Stop transfusion and maintain IV access
● Contact transfusion service to rule out immune cause of hemolysis
● Monitor urine output
● Should also consider possibility of transfusion related infection (malaria, babesiosis)

Case reports
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● Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (Transfusion 2005;45:1291)

End of Transfusion Medicine > Tranfusion reaction > Non-immune hemolytic transfusion reaction

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