CD Markers
CD36
Copyright: 2002-2021, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
PubMed Search: CD36 [title]
CD36
Author: Nat Pernick, M.D.
Topic Completed: 1 January 2011
Minor changes: 2 October 2020
Copyright: 2002-2021, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
PubMed Search: CD36 [title]
Table of Contents
Definition / general | Terminology | Pathophysiology | Diagrams / tables | Clinical features | Positive staining - normal | Positive staining - disease | Negative staining | Additional referencesCite this page: Pernick N. CD36. PathologyOutlines.com website. https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/cdmarkerscd36.html. Accessed January 17th, 2021.
Definition / general
- Scavenger receptor with numerous physiologic functions
Terminology
- Also known as platelet GPIV or GPIIIb, fatty acid translocase (FAT)
Pathophysiology
- Numerous potential physiologic functions (see Clinical Features below)
- Serves as a scavenger receptor for oxidized phospholipids, apoptotic cells and certain microbial pathogens (Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 2010;121:206)
- Receptor for thrombospondin, collagen, oxidized LDL
- Gives rise to Naka antigen
Diagrams / tables
Images hosted on other servers:
CD36 and macrophage phagocytosis
Clinical features
- Associated with platelet disorders:
- Acts as cell adhesion molecule in platelet adhesion and aggregation, platelet-monocyte and platelet-tumor cell interactions
- CD36 isoantibody may cause posttransfusion purpura and platelet transfusion refractoriness (Transfusion 1995;35:777), life threatening hypotension and thrombocytopenia (Transfusion 2005;45:803) or hydrops fetalis (Thromb Haemost 2006;95:267)
- CD36 deficiency causes platelet glycoprotein IV deficiency (OMIM - 608404)
- Is more common in Asians and Africans
- Is divided into 2 subgroups
- Type I is characterized by platelets and monocytes / macrophages exhibiting complete CD36 deficiency
- Type II lacks the surface expression of CD36 in platelets, but expression in monocytes / macrophages is near normal
- CD36 deficiency is associated with hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and mild hypertension (Mol Cell Biochem 2007;299:19)
- Associated with atherosclerosis:
- Scavenger receptor for oxidized LDL (Atherosclerosis 2006;184:15) and shed photoreceptor outer segments
- Also transports long chain fatty acids
- Upregulated in familial combined hyperlipidemia (FASEB J 2005;19:2063)
- Genetic variations in CD36 are associated with susceptibility to coronary heart disease type 7
- CD36 may be taste receptor for fatty acids (J Clin Invest 2005;115:2965)
- Associated with malaria:
- Site of cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes to microvascular endothelial cells
- CD36 deficiency is frequent in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, and is associated surprisingly with susceptibility to severe cerebral malaria
- Associated with Alzheimer’s disease:
- May mediate binding to fibrillar beta-amyloid
- Present in microglia and endothelium in Alzheimer's disease
- Low levels on peripheral blood leukocytes in Alzheimer patients (Neurobiol Aging 2007;28:515)
Positive staining - normal
- Platelets, monocytes, macrophages, basophils, endothelial cells, early erythroid cells, megakaryocytes
- Also adipose tissue, breast epithelial cells, cardiac muscle, Sertoli cells of testis (elderly men and those with hypospermatogenesis, Hum Pathol 2004;35:34), skeletal muscle, splenic cells
Positive staining - disease
- Alzheimer’s disease (microglia, endothelial cells, Am J Pathol 2002;160:101), AML M4-M7, cervical LSIL (Hum Pathol 1994;25:73), CML (60%, Mod Pathol 1998;11:1211)
- Gaucher cells (Am J Clin Path 2004;122:359), myxoid liposarcoma (Am J Clin Path 1995;103:20)
- Plasmacytoid T cell lymphoma (Am J Clin Path 1990;93:822), transient myeloproliferative disorder in Down’s syndrome (Am J Clin Path 2001;116:204)
Negative staining
- AML M0-M2 (usually), AML-M3 (Am J Clin Path 1998;109:211)
Additional references
