CD Markers
CD59
Copyright: 2002-2021, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
PubMed Search: CD59[title]
CD59
Author: Nat Pernick, M.D.
Topic Completed: 1 February 2002
Minor changes: 2 October 2020
Copyright: 2002-2021, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
PubMed Search: CD59[title]
Table of Contents
Definition / general | Uses by pathologists | Microscopic (histologic) images | Positive staining - normal | Positive staining - diseaseCite this page: Pernick N. CD59. PathologyOutlines.com website. https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/cdmarkerscd59.html. Accessed January 15th, 2021.
Definition / general
- Also called protectin, complement regulatory molecule
- Regulates complement mediated cell lysis by inhibiting formation of membrane attack complex (MAC); binds to C8 or C9 components, preventing incorporation of multiple copies of C9 required for complete formation of osmolytic core
- Also makes cells susceptible to NK cell mediated cytotoxicity (J Immunol 2006;176:2915)
- Genetic defects that reduce both CD59 and CD55 on erythrocytes produce paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH); also cause defective platelets, granulocytes, erythrocytes and possibly lymphocytes
- Low CD59 levels may also cause PNH-like symptoms after Campath therapy (Transplant Proc 2006;38:1750)
- Not a particularly good marker for detecting PNH+ monocytes (Am J Clin Pathol 2006;126:781)
- In diabetes, glycation may inhibit CD59, causing MAC deposition in vessels, leading to vascular complications (Diabetes 2004;53:2653)
- Naegleria (Infect Immun 2006;74:1189), Borrelia (J Immunol 2003;170:3214) and HIV (J Gen Virol 1997;78:1907) may resist complement mediated lysis via a surface CD59 like protein
- References: OMIM #107271
Uses by pathologists
- No significant clinical use by pathologists
Microscopic (histologic) images
Images hosted on other servers:
Diabetic and nondiabetic:
kidneys (left), nerves (right)
Positive staining - normal
- Most cells
Positive staining - disease
- Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (J Oral Pathol Med 2006;35:560)
