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CD Markers
CD85


Nat Pernick, M.D.

Topic Completed: 1 February 2002

Minor changes: 9 October 2020

Copyright: 2002-2021, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

PubMed Search: CD85

Nat Pernick, M.D.
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Table of Contents
Definition / general | CD85A | CD85B | CD85C | CD85D | CD85E | CD85F | CD85G | CD85H | CD85I | CD85J | CD85K | CD85L | CD85M | Additional references
Cite this page: Pernick N. CD85. PathologyOutlines.com website. https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/cdmarkerscd85.html. Accessed January 15th, 2021.
Definition / general
  • Previously entire Immunoglobulin-like Transcript (ILT) family was clustered as CD85; now subclassified as CD85a to CD85m
  • Also called Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (LIR) and Monocyte/Macrophage Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (MIR)
  • CD85 itself is now called CD85J (see below)
  • Family of immunoreceptors expressed on monocytes and B cells; lower levels on dendritic cells and NK cells
  • Prevents NK / T cell killing and inhibits B cells by negative signaling receptors
  • Note: some family members have activating functions (see specific family members below)
CD85A
  • Also called ILT5, LIR3, LILRB3 (leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily, member 3), HL9
  • Involved in NK mediated cytotoxicity
  • An inhibitory receptor for MHC class I molecules
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: myeloid cells, monocytes/macrophages, B cells, T cells (some), NK cells, basophils, eosinophils, dendritic cells (weak) (Blood 2004;104:2832, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:1174)
CD85B
  • Also called ILT8, LILRA6 (formerly LILRB6)
  • Involved in the activation of NK-mediated cytotoxicity
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: NK and T cell subsets, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and B lymphocytes
CD85C
  • Also called LIR8, LILRB5
  • May act as receptor for class I MHC antigens
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: NK cells
CD85D
  • Also called ILT4, LIR2, MIR10, LILRB2
  • Down regulates the immune response; involved in the development of tolerance
  • Upregulated by HLA-G in antigen-presenting cells, NK cells, and T cells (FASEB J 2005;19:662)
  • Interacts with human leukocyte antigen A, B, and G molecules and transmits negative signals that interfere with the activation of monocytes and dendritic cells (Hum Immunol 2004;65:700)
  • Also competes with CD8A for binding to class I MHC antigens
  • IL-10 renders dendritic cells hypostimulatory by upregulating cell surface CD85D and by inhibiting soluble CD85D in vitro ; similar effect on endothelial cells (Eur J Immunol 2004;34:74, Eur J Immunol 2006;37:177)
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: NK cells, T cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, eosinophils (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:1174)
CD85E
  • Also called ILT6, LIR4, LILRA3
  • May act as soluble receptor for class I MHC antigens
  • Homozygous deletions associated with multiple sclerosis (7% vs 4% of normals, Genes Immun 2005;6:445)
  • 85% of Japanese lack functional CD85E alleles (Hum Genet 2006;119:436)
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: B cells, NK cells, peripheral blood monocytes, lung
CD85F
  • Also called ILT11, LILRB7, LIR9
  • May play a role in triggering innate immune responses (Blood 2003;101:1484)
  • Membrane bound and secreted
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: neutrophils, monocytes
  • Negative staining: B cells, T cells, NK cells
CD85G
  • Also called ILT7, LILRA4
  • May act as receptor for class I MHC antigens
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: plasmacytoid dendritic cells (J Exp Med 2006;203:1399)
  • Negative staining: myeloid dendritic cells, other white blood cells
CD85H
  • Also called ILT1, LIR7, LILRA2
  • May act as receptor for class I MHC antigens
  • Activating receptor for eosinophils (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:1174)
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: basophils, myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (Blood 2004;104:2832)
  • Negative staining: monocytes, T cells, B cells, NK cells
CD85I
  • Also called LIR6, CD85i
  • Note: since some biologists use lower case, CD85l [CD85L] may be confused with CD85i
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: B cells, monocytes
  • Negative staining: dendritic cells, NK cells, T cells
CD85J
  • Also called CD85, LIR1, ILT2, MIR7, LILRB1
  • Transduces negative signals that prevent killing of MHC class I expressing cells
  • Binds classical (HLA-A and -B) and non-classical (HLA-G, -E and -F) MHC class I molecules
  • Upregulated by HLA-G in antigen-presenting cells, NK cells, and T cells (FASEB J 2005;19:662)
  • Receptor for CMV UL18 protein, which resembles MHC class I molecules (J Virol 2005;79:2251)
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells (low), T cells (some), NK cells (some)
CD85K
CD85L
  • Also called ILT9, LILRA6P, LILRP1
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
CD85M
  • Also called ILT10, LILRA5
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
  • Positive staining: T cell subsets, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells and B lymphocytes (Washington State University)
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