CD Markers
CD9



Last author update: 1 August 2013
Last staff update: 15 March 2022

Copyright: 2002-2024, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

PubMed Search: CD9[title]


Nat Pernick, M.D.
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Cite this page: Pernick N. CD9. PathologyOutlines.com website. https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/cdmarkerscd9.html. Accessed March 28th, 2024.
Definition / general
Pathophysiology
  • Member of transmembrane 4 superfamily (tetraspanin family); tetraspanins have 4 hydrophobic domains, organize multimolecular complexes in plasma membrane; each tetraspanin associates specifically with integrins and other tetraspanins, forming primary complexes and leading to molecular network of interactions, the "tetraspanin web"
  • Regulates cell motility, development, activation, growth and adhesion (Blood 2011;117:1840), differentiation (OMIM #143030), fertilization (oocyte CD9 is required for sperm-egg fusion)
  • Regulates paranodal junction formation (between neurons and glia)
  • Required for microparticle release from coated-platelets (Platelets 2009;20:361); triggers platelet activation and aggregation
  • Supports myotube maintenance and promotes muscle cell fusion
  • Downregulation in ovarian carcinoma may promote tumor dissemination (Cancer Res 2005;65:2617)
  • May suppress metastasis in small cell lung cancer by promoting apoptosis via calretinin expression (Cancer Res 2010;70:8025, FEBS Open Bio 2013;3:225)
  • May mediate invasion by upregulating MMP9 (PLoS One 2013;8:e67766)
Clinical features
Diagrams / tables

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Structure

Uses by pathologists
  • No significant clinical use by pathologists
Microscopic (histologic) images

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Normal tissue:
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Cerebrum

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Cervical squamous epithelium (fig A)



Various tumors:
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Cervical carcinoma

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CNS nonneuroepithelial tumors

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Gallbladder: well differentiated adenocarcinoma


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Mesothelioma

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Skin: basal and
squamous cell
carcinoma and
actinic keratosis

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Small cell lung cancer

Positive staining - normal
  • Pre B cells, B cell subset, activated T cells, basophils, eosinophils (Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012;46:188), macrophages, megakaryocytes, plasma cells, plasma cell precursors in germinal centers (Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013;431:41), platelets
  • Brain, cardiac muscle, GI system, kidney (glomeruli, tubules and collective ducts), liver, lymphatic epithelium, ovarian surface epithelium, peripheral nerve, skin, spleen, thyroid, tonsil
Positive staining - disease
Negative staining
  • Red blood cells, renal collecting duct carcinomas (almost all)
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