Table of Contents
Definition / general | Terminology | Sites | Case reports | Clinical images | Gross images | Microscopic (histologic) description | Microscopic (histologic) images | Positive stains | Negative stains | Differential diagnosisCite this page: Thakral C. Congenital epulis of newborn. PathologyOutlines.com website. https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/oralcavityepulis.html. Accessed January 29th, 2023.
Definition / general
- Congenital granular cell tumor of alveolar mucosa of jaw in newborns
- 90% girls; 10% present as multiple lesions
- Doesn't recur, even if incompletely excised
- 0.5 - 2 cm soft, pedunculated mucosal mass
- Spontaneously regresses over first 8 months of life (Am J Surg Pathol 1981;5:37)
Terminology
- Congenital granular cell myoblastoma, granular cell epulis of infancy and granular cell fibroblastoma
Sites
- Exclusively on anterior alveolar ridge of maxilla and mandible, usually overlying future canine and lateral incisor teeth
Case reports
- Newborn girl with 2 cm tumor (Pediatrics 2001;107:E22)
- 2 day old girl with 4 x 2 cm exophytic growth (Pan Afr Med J 2012;12:105)
- 3 week old girl with spontaneous regression (J Med Case Rep 2010;4:331)
Clinical images
Microscopic (histologic) description
- Confluent to nodular submucosal growth of tumors composed of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and small central nuclei
- Overlying epithelium is atrophic; does NOT show pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (common with granular cell tumor of adults)
Microscopic (histologic) images
Positive stains
Differential diagnosis
- Granular cell tumor:
- Adults, infiltrates deep tissues, overlying epithelial hyperplasia
- S100+
- Verruciform xanthoma:
- Adults, overlying papillomatosis