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Bladder
Cytology
Normal findings
Reviewer: Dr. Rugvedita Parakh, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Revised: 30 May 2010, last major update May 2010
Copyright: (c) 2002-2010, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Voided urine
● Paucicellular
● Urothelial cells, urothelial cells, squamous cells, inflammatory cells and possibly red blood cells
● The umbrella cells have one nucleus, abundant delicate cytoplasm, low N/C ratio, smooth nuclear contours with fine chromatin pattern and a small chromocenter
● The basal and intermediate layers are smaller and have a columnar or cuboidal appearance; the nuclei are round with smooth nuclear contours with a fine chromatin pattern
● Nucleoli are either absent or single and minute
● Reactive conditions (e.g. urolithiasis, post instrumentation) demonstrate clusters of basal and intermediate urothelial cells
http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/images/kidney/2_03.jpg
Umbrella cells Urothelial cells #1 #2
Superficial cells (arrows) retain their shape.
They are much larger with larger nuclei than
Intermediate and basal cells.
Instrumentation related urine
● More cellular
● Presence of clusters of urothelial cells forming cell balls and pseudopapillary clusters
● The urothelial cells have a low N/C ratio, round nuclei, fine chromatin pattern and smooth nuclear contours
● Instrumentation effect: crowded cluster formations, hyperchromasia and distinct nucleoli; may lead to a false positive diagnosis
Ileal conduit urine
● Cellular
● Many degenerated single cells (oval with pyknotic nuclei) and few glandular cells (vacuolated cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei but preserved N/C ratio of normal cells)
● Dirty background
● Non-specific eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions
● A potential pitfall due to hyperchromasia
Degenerated cells and debris
End of Bladder > Cytology > Normal findings
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