CD Markers - CD18

Home Chapter Home Jobs Conferences Fellowships Books

CD Markers

CD18

Reviewers: Nat Pernick, M.D., (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 6 January 2011, last major update January 2011
Copyright: (c) 2002-2011, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

General
=========================================================================

● Forms the beta 2 chain of CD11a-d to create a leukocyte adhesion molecule (see below)

Terminology
=========================================================================

● Gene is designated ITGB2 (integrin beta 2)
● Combines with alpha L chain (CD11a) to form the integrin LFA-1
● Combines with the alpha M chain (CD11b) to form the integrin Mac-1 (macrophage antigen 1, complement receptor 3)
● Combines with the alpha X chain (CD11c) to form completement receptor 4
● Also combines with the alpha D chain (CD11d)

Physiology
=========================================================================

● Important for adhesion and signaling in the hematopoietic system (see CD11a-c); also for phagocytosis (J Immunol 2002;169:2003)

Clinical features
=========================================================================

● Deficiency of the CD18 component (leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1) is a rare, inherited disorder, causing severe leukocytosis and recurrent severe bacterial infections early in life of skin and mucosal surfaces, possibly fatal, due to defective white blood cell adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and bacterial killing (OMIM 116920, J Clin Immunol 2010;30:756)
● Note: leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 2 is due to a deficiency in CD15s
● CD11b/CD18 is receptor for Bordetella pertussis adhesin filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and for the adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT), which blocks neutrophil function (Infect Immun 2005;73:7317, J Exp Med 2001;193:1035)
● CD11b/CD18 induces neutrophilic response leading to killing of Steptococcus pyogenes (Eur J Immunol 2005;35:1472)

Uses
=========================================================================

● No significant clinical use by pathologists

Positive staining - normal
=========================================================================

● Neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, NK cells, basophils

Additional references
=========================================================================

● MIM 600065

End of CD Markers > CD18

This information is intended for physicians and related personnel, who understand that medical information is often imperfect, and must be interpreted in the context of a patient's clinical data using reasonable medical judgment. This website should not be used as a substitute for the advice of a licensed physician.

All information on this website is protected by copyright of PathologyOutlines.com, Inc. Information from third parties may also be protected by copyright. Please contact us at copyrightPathOut@gmail.com with any questions (click here for other contact information).